The images that has made this collage are from SDO (Solar Dynamics Observatory), NASA. Thus, and with just a glance, you can highlight different aspects of the surface and atmosphere of the Sun.
To the naked eye, or with a conventional camera, photos, on a clear day, the picture we get from the sun would be yellow, orange or red. Why? Because, even though sunlight emits light that spans the color spectrum, yellow is the brightest wavelength we receive from the sun.
Why as the sun approaches the horizon, in putting, is when we see it redder? Simply that the density of the layer of atmosphere that has to go through is much greater than when it is, for example, at its peak. The light through the atmosphere, gradually lose the blue light waves before reaching our eyes. If we could see all the colors simultaneously would see a white disc, white light, the sum of all wavelengths.
However, thanks to the existence of specialized instruments observation, we can see wavelengths that exceed the limits of what we can observe with our eyes, and what's even better, see them represented in pictures like this. Through the photographs received, scientists receive much information on the Sun, such as the components of its surface.
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